Pulmonary Hypertension (PH) is a serious condition characterized by high blood pressure in the arteries of the lungs, making it harder for the heart to pump blood. For individuals with PH, flying can pose potential risks due to lower oxygen levels, changes in cabin pressure, and prolonged inactivity.
If you or a loved one has pulmonary hypertension and needs to travel by air, it is crucial to take proper precautions to ensure a safe and comfortable flight.
In this article, we will explore:
✅ How flying affects pulmonary hypertension
✅ Potential risks and complications
✅ Precautions and travel tips for PH patients
✅ When to seek medical advice before flying
How Does Flying Affect Pulmonary Hypertension?
Commercial airplane cabins are pressurized, but the oxygen levels in the cabin are lower than at sea level. This can affect people with pulmonary hypertension in several ways:
1. Reduced Oxygen Levels Can Worsen PH Symptoms
✈ At cruising altitude, oxygen levels drop by 20-25%, which can cause breathlessness, fatigue, dizziness, and chest discomfort in PH patients.
✈ People with severe PH or low oxygen levels at rest may experience increased shortness of breath.
2. Increased Risk of Blood Clots (Deep Vein Thrombosis – DVT)
✈ Prolonged sitting on long flights can increase the risk of blood clots, especially for PH patients on diuretics (which cause dehydration).
✈ Clots can travel to the lungs, leading to serious complications.
3. Cabin Pressure May Increase Heart Strain
✈ The heart has to work harder to pump blood when oxygen levels drop, which may worsen PH symptoms.
✈ People with severe PH, heart failure, or fluid retention may find air travel particularly challenging.
4. Dry Cabin Air Can Lead to Dehydration
✈ Airplane cabins have low humidity, which can cause dehydration, dizziness, and low blood pressure—worsening PH symptoms.
Can People with Pulmonary Hypertension Fly Safely?
✅ Yes, but only with proper precautions and medical approval.
✅ Mild to moderate PH patients can usually fly if they follow safety measures.
✅ Severe PH patients should consult a doctor and may need supplemental oxygen during the flight.
Precautions Before Flying with Pulmonary Hypertension
1. Get Medical Clearance from Your Doctor
📌 Consult your pulmonologist or cardiologist before planning a flight.
📌 Some PH patients may require oxygen therapy while flying.
📌 If you recently had a hospital stay, a change in medication, or worsening symptoms, discuss travel risks with your doctor.
2. Request Supplemental Oxygen (If Needed)
📌 Some PH patients require oxygen at high altitudes.
📌 Airlines do not allow personal oxygen tanks but provide onboard oxygen with prior notice.
📌 Contact the airline at least 48 hours before to arrange for oxygen.
3. Carry Essential Medications in Your Carry-On Bag
📌 Bring all prescribed PH medications, including:
✔ Diuretics
✔ Blood thinners
✔ Vasodilators (e.g., Sildenafil, Bosentan)
✔ Oxygen therapy devices (if prescribed)
📌 Keep medications in original packaging with a doctor’s note for airport security.
4. Wear Compression Stockings
📌 To prevent blood clots (DVT), wear graduated compression stockings during long flights.
📌 Move your legs, stretch, and walk every 1-2 hours to improve circulation.
5. Stay Hydrated & Avoid Alcohol
📌 Drink plenty of water before and during the flight to prevent dehydration.
📌 Avoid alcohol, caffeine, and salty foods, as they can worsen PH symptoms.
6. Choose Your Seat Wisely
📌 Select an aisle seat for easy access to movement.
📌 If you need oxygen or medical assistance, inform airline staff.
7. Avoid High-Altitude Destinations
📌 If possible, avoid flying to high-altitude locations (above 5,000 feet), as they have lower oxygen levels, worsening PH symptoms.
When to Avoid Flying with Pulmonary Hypertension?
🚨 If you experience severe symptoms, it may not be safe to fly. Avoid flying if you have:
❌ Severe shortness of breath at rest
❌ Recent hospitalization for PH-related complications
❌ Severe right heart failure
❌ Low oxygen saturation below 88% without oxygen support
❌ Uncontrolled pulmonary edema (fluid retention in the lungs)
Final Thoughts: Can You Fly with Pulmonary Hypertension?
✅ Yes, but with careful planning and medical approval.
✅ Mild to moderate PH patients can travel safely by following precautions.
✅ Severe PH patients may require in-flight oxygen support.
✅ Always consult your doctor before flying to ensure a safe and comfortable trip.